Difficulty Breathing Through the Nose: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

We rarely notice our breathing until it suddenly becomes a challenge. For many people, difficulty breathing through the nose is a frequent complaint that can affect sleep, energy levels, and overall quality of life.

The nose serves as the body’s natural air processor, screening out impurities, adding warmth, and infusing moisture into each breath. It also helps regulate airflow and protects us from allergens, bacteria, and environmental irritants. When something obstructs nasal airflow, it can lead to uncomfortable symptoms and disrupt daily living.

In this blog, we’ll explore the common causes, symptoms, and effective treatments for nasal breathing difficulties, helping you understand when to seek help and what options are available.

Common Causes of Nasal Breathing Difficulties

Several factors can lead to trouble breathing through the nose. Some are temporary, while others may require medical intervention.

1. Nasal Congestion from Cold or Allergies

• Colds or respiratory infections cause inflammation in the nasal passages, leading to temporary congestion.
• Allergies trigger an immune response that produces histamines, resulting in swollen nasal tissues and increased mucus production.
• These are common and usually short-term, but can feel very uncomfortable.

2. Deviated Septum

• The nasal septum is the cartilage and bone structure that separates the two nostrils.
• A deviated septum means this partition is off-centre, making one nasal passage narrower than the other.
• This can be present from birth or caused by injury, leading to chronic breathing issues.

3. Nasal Polyps

• These are soft, noncancerous growths inside the nasal passages or sinuses.
• They often result from long-term inflammation due to allergies, infections, or immune conditions.
• Polyps can block airflow and reduce the sense of smell.

4. Sinus Infections (Sinusitis)

• Sinus inflammation or infection can lead to facial pressure, swelling, and mucus buildup.
• Acute sinusitis lasts for a short period, while chronic sinusitis persists for more than 12 weeks and can significantly affect breathing.

5. Enlarged Adenoids or Tonsils

• These tissues, located at the back of the throat and nasal cavity, help fight infections.
• When enlarged, especially in children, they can obstruct airflow and cause chronic mouth breathing or snoring.

Symptoms of Difficulty Breathing Through the Nose

Difficulty breathing through the nose often comes with a range of other symptoms. These include:

• Frequent mouth breathing
• Snoring or poor quality of sleep
• Daytime fatigue or brain fog
• Headaches or pressure around the eyes and forehead
• Reduced sense of smell or taste
• Dry mouth or sore throat, especially in the morning

While occasional nasal congestion is normal, persistent or worsening symptoms may signal an underlying condition.

When to See a Doctor

You should consider seeing a specialist if you notice any of the following symptoms:

• Chronic nasal blockage lasting more than 10 days
• Snoring combined with daytime fatigue
• Difficulty breathing during sleep or sleep apnea symptoms
• Recurring sinus infections
• Facial pain or pressure that doesn’t go away with over-the-counter treatments
• Nasal bleeding or frequent headaches
• Nasal trauma or injury

A doctor specialising in ear, nose, and throat conditions, known as an ENT, can accurately diagnose the issue and recommend the most effective treatment approach.

Treatment Options

Depending on the cause, several treatment approaches are available:

1. Home Remedies

For mild and short-term nasal congestion:

• Steam Inhalation: Helps clear mucus and soothe irritated nasal passages.
• Saline Nasal Sprays or Rinses: Clean the nasal cavity and reduce swelling.
• Warm Compress: When applied to the face, it may help ease sinus discomfort and promote clearer nasal airflow.

These are safe first-line treatments, especially during the cold or allergy season.

2. Medications

When home remedies are not enough, medications may be prescribed:

• Antihistamines: Useful for allergy-related nasal congestion.
• Decongestants: Shrink swollen tissues temporarily (best for short-term use).
• Nasal Steroid Sprays: Reduce inflammation inside the nose and improve airflow.
• Antibiotics: Prescribed only if a bacterial sinus infection is confirmed.

Always consult a doctor before using any long-term medication.

3. Surgical Options

When structural issues or chronic conditions don’t respond to medical treatment, surgery may be considered:

• Septoplasty: Corrects deviated septum and improves airflow.
• Polypectomy: Removes nasal polyps obstructing the airway.
• Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS): Opens blocked sinuses and improves drainage.
• Adenoidectomy/Tonsillectomy: Often performed in children with enlarged adenoids or tonsils affecting breathing.

Surgical options are generally safe and offer long-term relief when medically indicated.

Lifestyle Tips for Easier Breathing

Small lifestyle changes can significantly improve nasal health and breathing:

• Stay Hydrated: Helps keep mucus thin and easier to drain.
• Use Humidifiers: Especially during dry weather or winter months.
• Avoid Allergens: Identify and reduce exposure to triggers like pollen, dust mites, or pet dander.
• Nasal Breathing Exercises: Techniques like alternate nostril breathing (yoga) can promote clearer nasal pathways.
• Maintain Good Hygiene: Washing hands frequently can prevent infections that affect the nasal passages.

Conclusion

Difficulty breathing through the nose is more than just a nuisance it can affect sleep, concentration, and overall health. From minor infections to structural issues like deviated septum or nasal polyps, there are many potential causes behind this common problem.

Early diagnosis and proper treatment can significantly improve breathing, energy levels, and quality of life. If you or someone you know is struggling with chronic nasal blockage, don’t ignore the symptoms; consult a qualified ENT specialist in Ahmedabad like Dr. Simple Bhadania for accurate diagnosis and effective care.

FAQs

Can nasal allergies make it harder to breathe through your nose?

Yes, nasal allergies can trigger swelling and mucus buildup inside the nasal passages, leading to blocked airflow and making it difficult to breathe comfortably through the nose.

How do I know if I have a deviated septum?

Common signs include one-sided nasal blockage, noisy breathing during sleep, and frequent sinus infections. A doctor can confirm with an examination.

Are nasal sprays safe to use regularly?

Saline nasal sprays can be used safely every day. Still, decongestant sprays containing medication should be limited to short-term use, typically no more than 3 to 5 days, to prevent rebound congestion.

Can difficulty breathing through the nose affect sleep?

Absolutely. It can lead to snoring, restless sleep, or even sleep apnea, which can affect your energy and mood during the day.

What is the best treatment for chronic sinusitis?

Depending on severity, treatment may include nasal steroids, saline rinses, or sinus surgery. A consultation with an ENT is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment.